Gamma globulin
What it measures, and what changes the number.
Gamma globulin is one of the protein fractions separated by serum protein electrophoresis. This test sorts blood proteins into bands by how they move in an electric field. The gamma band consists mostly of immunoglobulins (antibodies), especially IgG.
It is read as part of the whole electrophoresis pattern, together with albumin, the alpha and beta globulin fractions, total protein and the albumin/globulin ratio. Specific immunoglobulins such as IgG, IgA and IgM may be measured separately to follow up on the gamma band.
The amount is usually calculated by multiplying the gamma percent by total protein, so it depends on both measurements. Serum is used rather than plasma, because fibrinogen in plasma can appear as an extra band. Gel and capillary electrophoresis methods can split the fractions slightly differently. Spanish reports may print it as Gamma globulinas.
Often read alongside: Gamma globulin %, Total protein, Albumin, Albumin/globulin ratio, IgG